7. Personnel expenses

Note

2025

2024

Wages and salaries

1,051,374

976,815

Social security costs

149,097

135,050

Share-based payment expense

29

2,573

2,709

Pension costs - defined contribution plans

114,021

103,646

Pension costs - defined benefit plans

25

1,736

1,548

Other post-employment benefits

4,263

8,999

1,323,064

1,228,767

Personnel expenses include restructuring costs and other termination benefits of €7 million (2024: €12 million). At year-end 2025, the Group employed 13,443 FTE (2024: 13,103). The average number of FTE in 2025 was 13,323 (2024: 13,172), of which 6,539 in other countries than the Netherlands (2024: 6,465).